Vet World Vol.14 February-2021 Article-9
Research Article
Veterinary World, 14(2): 380-392
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.380-392
Postpartum perineal muscle sonogram in Madura beef cow
2. Department of Resource Research, Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology of Jambi, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Jambi, Jambi of Indonesia.
3. Division of Veterinary Reproduction, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Veterinary Clinic, Reproduction, and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, West Java of Indonesia.
4. Department of Livestock Breeding, Beef Cattle Research Institute, Pasuruan East Java, Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Grati, Pasuruan, East Java of Indonesia.
Background and Aim: Ultrasonography (USG) is useful for non-invasively identifying changes that occur in soft tissue architecture. The objective of this research was to demonstrate postpartum (PP) uterine involution through the changes of perineal muscle intensity and thickness in Madura beef cow by ultrasonography.
Materials and Methods: Madura's breed cows used in the research consist of eight non-pregnant (NP) cows and three PP cow. The transrectal and transperineal USG imaging of NP cows was performed on days 1, 33, and 65. USG imaging of PP cows was performed every day starting from day 1 (24 h after parturition) until day 21 PP. Transrectal USG of the reproductive tract was performed for the cervix, corpus uteri, and cornua uteri. USG was performed transcutaneously over the perineal area for coccygeus and levator ani muscles at the longitudinal and transverse angles. Reproductive tract diameter and perineal muscle intensity and thickness were measured with ultrasound imaging.
Results: The analysis of the sonogram of PP cows showed that the diameter of the cervix, corpus uteri, and cornua uteri decreased within 21 days PP. The transverse view of the coccygeus muscle of PP cows showed decreased muscle intensity and thickness. On the other hand, the longitudinal view showed increased coccygeus muscle intensity and thickness. The transverse view of the coccygeus muscle of NP cows showed increased muscle intensity, while muscle thickness was reduced. Sonogram analysis of the levator ani muscle of PP cows showed decreased muscle intensity with increasing muscle thickness. However, imaging of the levator ani muscle of NP cows showed a decrease in both intensity and muscle thickness. There was a significant difference in the mean value intensity of the scanning view analysis results of the levator ani muscle of the PP cow (523.6 AU increased to 672.1 AU) and the NP cow (515.9 AU decreased to 465.4 AU). Furthermore, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the mean value thickness of both scanning view analyses of the coccygeus and levator ani muscles of PP cows (5.8 mm increased to 6.5 mm and 3.8 mm increased to 4.8 mm, respectively) and NP cows (8.8 mm increased to 9.1 mm and 5.9 mm decreased to 4.9 mm, respectively).
Conclusion: We found that the perineal muscles, namely, the levator ani muscle and coccygeus muscle, change in size, and intensity during uterine involution as demonstrated on Madura beef cow. Keywords: coccygeus, levator ani, Madura beef cow, postpartum, ultrasonography.
Keywords: coccygeus, levator ani, Madura beef cow, postpartum, ultrasonography.
How to cite this article: Hayanti SY, Amrozi A, Aryogi A, Ulum MF (2021) Postpartum perineal muscle sonogram in Madura beef cow, Veterinary World, 14(2): 380-392.
Received: 30-09-2020 Accepted: 04-01-2021 Published online: 10-02-2021
Corresponding author: Mokhamad Fakhrul Ulum E-mail: ulum@ipb.ac.id
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.380-392
Copyright: Hayanti, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.