Vet World Vol.14 January-2021 Article-35
Research Article
Veterinary World, 14(1): 270-275
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.270-275
Immunological detection of human and camel cystic echinococcosis using different antigens of hydatid cyst fluid, protoscoleces, and germinal layers
2. Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Center, El-Tahrir Street, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
3. Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, El Fayoum, Egypt.
Background and Aim: Cystic echinococcosis (CE)/hydatidosis is one of the most prevalent neglected zoonotic diseases. It is initially asymptomatic and does not produce any clinical signs until the cyst becomes enlarged, causing localized pressure on internal organs and tissues. Therefore, the detection of Echinococcus granulosus antibodies is highly essential. This study evaluated the antigens of hydatid cyst fluid, protoscoleces, and germinal layers for efficient immunological diagnosis of CE in humans and camels.
Materials and Methods: Hydatid cyst fluid (FLc), protoscoleces (Psc), and the germinal layer (GLc) antigens were prepared from camel-lung hydatid cysts. In the same way, hydatid cyst fluid (FLh) and protoscoleces (Psh) antigens from human-liver cyst aspirate were produced. The comparative immunodiagnostic efficacy of the prepared antigens was verified using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), SDS-PAGE, and immunoblotting.
Results: ELISA proves that FLc and GLc antigens were higher than FLh and Psh antigens. This shows that binding reactivity in naturally infected human sera, camel sera, and Psc is the most potent, exhibiting 100% sensitivity with 78.26% and 76.47% specificity in camel and human sera, respectively. The CE prevalence using diagnostic Psc was 54.79% and 61.32% in tested human and camel sera, respectively. The electrophoretic profiles of all shared antigens showed similarities at 52, 41, and 22 kDa. Immunoblotting demonstrated common immune-reactive bands in all antigen types at 52 and 41 kDa against positive human and camel sera.
Conclusion: This immunological study introduces camel hydatid cyst Psc as a potent diagnostic antigen and new immune-reactive fractions of 52 and 41 kDa for diagnosing hydatidosis in humans and camels. Keywords: cystic echinococcosis, Human, Camel, Hydatid cyst antigens, ELISA, SDS-PAGE, Western blot.
Keywords: cystic echinococcosis, Human, Camel, Hydatid cyst antigens, ELISA, SDS-PAGE, Western blot.
How to cite this article: Hassanain MA, Toaleb NI, Shaapan RM, Hassanain NA, Maher A, Yousif AB (2021) Immunological detection of human and camel cystic echinococcosis using different antigens of hydatid cyst fluid, protoscoleces, and germinal layers, Veterinary World, 14(1): 270-275.
Received: 25-07-2020 Accepted: 10-12-2020 Published online: 29-01-2021
Corresponding author: Raafat M. Shaapan E-mail: rmshaapan2005@yahoo.com
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.270-275
Copyright: Hassanain, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.