Molecular detection and identification of Babesia bovis and Trypanosoma spp. in one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) breeds in Egypt

Vet World Vol.14 March-2021 Article-11

Research Article

Veterinary World, 14(3): 625-633

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.625-633

Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed^1,2, Mohamed A. El-Adl¹, Mayar O. Ali³, Mostafa Al-Araby⁴, Mosaab A. Omar^5,6, Mohamed El-Beskawy⁷, Shimaa Sobhy Sorour⁸, Mohamed Abdo Rizk^2,9, and Magdy Elgioushy¹⁰

1. Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
2. National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-Cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan.
3. Department of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
4. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
5. Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, 51452 Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
6. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, 83523, Qena, Egypt.
7. Animal Medicine Department (infectious diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Egypt.
8. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
9. Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
10. Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, 37916, Egypt.

Background and Aim: Camels are a unique source of milk and meat, which helps recover from several diseases that affect humans worldwide. In Egypt, one of the great obstacles for this industry is tick-borne diseases. This study aimed to characterize blood parasite infections, such as Babesia (B.) bovis and Trypanosoma (T.) spp. in one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) (n=142) breeds in Halayeb and Shalateen, Egypt, through phylogenetic analysis.

Materials and Methods: The prevalence of B. bovis and Trypanosoma spp. was identified in camels using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays targeting the Rhoptry-Associated Protein-1 and internal transcribed spacer 1 genes, respectively. A nested PCR technique was conducted to detect B. bovis. At the same time, KIN multispecies PCR assay was employed to diagnose and classify trypanosome DNA in camels.

Results: B. bovis was detected in 4/142 camels with an infection rate of 2.81%. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses revealed that the strain of B. bovis isolated from this population was closely related to strains isolated from Argentine, the United States, and Brazil. Moreover, Trypanosoma evansi was detected in 8/142 camels with an infection rate of 5.63%. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses revealed that this isolated strain T. evansi was closely related to Trypanosoma theileri detected from cattle in Brazil.

Conclusion: The obtained data indicated the existence of B. bovis and T. evansi in camels from two provinces of Egypt. The obtained findings have economic significance and reflect the importance of implementing effective prevention and control methods across Egypt to reduce the incidence of B. bovis and T. evansi in camels. Keywords: Babesia bovis, camel, Egypt, epidemiology, Trypanosoma spp.

Keywords: Babesia bovis, camel, Egypt, epidemiology, Trypanosoma spp.

How to cite this article: El-Sayed SAE, El-Adl MA, Ali MO, Al-Araby M, Omar MA, El-Beskawy M, Sorour SS, Rizk MA, Elgioushy M (2021) Molecular detection and identification of Babesia bovis and Trypanosoma spp. in one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) breeds in Egypt, Veterinary World, 14(3): 625-633.

Received: 25-10-2020 Accepted: 01-02-2021 Published online: 12-03-2021

Corresponding author: Mohamed Abdo Rizk E-mail: dr_moh_abdo2008@mans.edu.eg

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.625-633

Copyright: El-Sayed SAE, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.