Dengue virus transovarial transmission detection in Aedes aegypti from dengue hemorrhagic fever patients' residences in Denpasar, Bali

Vet World Vol.15 April-2022 Article-43

Research Article

Veterinary World, 15(4): 1149-1153

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.1149-1153

I. Made Sudarmaja¹, I. Kadek Swastika¹, Luh Putu Eka Diarthini¹, I. Putu Dema Prasetya², and I. Md. Ady Wirawan³

1. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia.
2. Bachelor of Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia.
3. Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia.

Background and Aim: To effectively control dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), it is necessary to assess the risk of vertical virus transmission in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. This study aimed to detect dengue virus (DENV) transovarial transmission in A. aegypti collected from DHF patients' residences in Denpasar, Bali.

Materials and Methods: A. aegypti samples were acquired by rearing A. aegypti eggs collected from ovitraps placed in the homes of DHF patients. Ovitraps were installed for 7 days and viewed using a loupe to determine whether there were Aedes spp. eggs present. An immunocytochemical method was utilized with 200 samples, and virus detection was performed using a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Results: Of the 10 DHF patient houses fitted with ovitraps, four produced positive ovitraps from which larvae developed (house index=40%). Of the 50 ovitraps mounted in the 10 homes, 14 ovitraps were positive and contained A. aegypti eggs (ovitrap index=28%). Of these 14 positive ovitraps containing A. aegypti eggs, 10 ovitraps produced larvae. Immunocytochemical tests were conducted on A. aegypti eggs from the four houses under study. It was found that from the 200 samples collected, 197 samples could be observed, and 11 samples (5.6%) were positive for DENV antigen. RT-PCR examination conducted on mosquitoes reared from the four houses studied obtained a negative virus content result.

Conclusion: This study found the presence of DENV antigen to be as high as 5.6%. This means that potential for transovarial transmission exists within DHF patients' homes in Denpasar, Bali. Aedes control strategy in Denpasar should address this finding, in addition to the current approaches which have focused primarily on the elimination of larval breeding habitats and control of adults using insecticidal fogging during outbreaks. Keywords: Aedes aegypti, dengue virus, immunocytochemical, transovarial transmission.

Keywords: Aedes aegypti, dengue virus, immunocytochemical, transovarial transmission.

How to cite this article: Sudarmaja IM, Swastika IK, Diarthini LPE, Prasetya IPD, Wirawan IMA (2022) Dengue virus transovarial transmission detection in Aedes aegypti from dengue hemorrhagic fever patients' residences in Denpasar, Bali, Veterinary World, 15(4): 1149-1153.

Received: 31-12-2021 Accepted: 21-03-2022 Published online: 30-04-2022

Corresponding author: I. Made Sudarmaja E-mail: made_sudarmaja@unud.ac.id

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.1149-1153

Copyright: Sudarmaja, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.