Use of proposed systolic and myocardial performance indices derived from simultaneous ECG and PCG recordings to assess cardiac function in healthy Beagles

Vet World Vol.15 July-2022 Article-25

Research Article

Veterinary World, 15(7): 1785-1797

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.1785-1797

Karlo Romano B. Gicana^1,2, Chirutchaya Pinidmontree³, Kitchanan Kosalathip⁴, Siraphop Sirirut³, Siripen Komolvanich³, Sariya Asawakarn^3,5, Walasinee Sakcamduang⁶, Phornphop Naiyanetr⁴, and Kittipong Tachampa^3,5

1. The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
2. Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
3. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
4. Cardiovascular Engineering and Artificial Organs (CardioArt) Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering Department, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
5. Biomarkers in Animal Parasitology Research Group, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
6. Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.

Background and Aim: Cardiac time intervals (CTIs) can provide important information on the electrical and mechanical properties of the heart. We hypothesized that cardiac function can be described using the combined power of electrocardiography (ECG) and phonocardiography (PCG) signals. This study aimed to (1) validate a novel custom device in measuring CTI parameters; (2) compare CTI parameters with a commercially available device and standard transthoracic echocardiography (STE); and (3) compare calculated systolic performance index (SPI) and myocardial performance index (MPI) with Tei index from the STE.

Materials and Methods: This study determined CTIs based on simultaneous ECG and PCG recordings in 14 healthy Beagle dogs using the custom-built device. These CTI parameters were compared with a commercially available device (Eko DUO ECG + Digital Stethoscope; Eko DUO) and the STE. Agreement of CTI parameters between the custom device and the commercially available device or STE was evaluated. Calculated SPI and MPI based on Wigger's diagram were proposed, compared with SPI and Tei index, and correlated with STE parameters.

Results: We found that the ECG and PCG parameters measured from the custom-built device did not differ from the commercially available device and the STE. By combining ECG and PCG signals, we established CTI parameters in healthy dogs including indices for systolic function (SPI: QS1/S1S2) and global cardiac function {F1 ([QS1+S2]/S1S2), F2 ([RS1+S2]/S1S2), and F3 (RS1 + [QS2-QT]/S1S2)}. The SPI, F2, and F3 were comparable with echocardiographic parameters describing systolic (Pre-ejection period/left ventricular ejection time [LVET]) and Tei index ([MCOdur-LVET]/ LVET), respectively. Only SPI and F3 were correlated significantly with MCOdur and heart rate, respectively.

Conclusion: We have validated the use of the custom-built device to describe CTIs that are comparable to the commercially available device and STE in healthy Beagles. The proposed SPI and MPI derived from CTI parameters can be useful in clinical practice to describe the cardiac function, especially in areas where access to STE is constrained. Keywords: cardiac time intervals, dogs, electrocardiography, healthy, phonocardiography.

Keywords: cardiac time intervals, dogs, electrocardiography, healthy, phonocardiography.

How to cite this article: Gicana KRB, Pinidmontree C, Kosalathip K, Sirirut S, Komolvanich S, Asawakarn S, Sakcamduang W, Naiyanetr P, Tachampa K (2022) Use of proposed systolic and myocardial performance indices derived from simultaneous ECG and PCG recordings to assess cardiac function in healthy Beagles, Veterinary World, 15(7): 1785–1797.

Received: 06-03-2022 Accepted: 07-06-2022 Published online: 25-07-2022

Corresponding author: Phornphop Naiyanetr E-mail: phornphop.nai@mahidol.ac.th

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.1785-1797

Copyright: Gicana KRB, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.