Open Access
Research (Published online: 17-05-2023)
21. Effect of modified CEP-3 diluents with aqueous soybean extract on liquid semen quality in Ongole crossbred bull
Dian Ratnawati, Kuswati Kuswati, Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti, Gatot Ciptadi, Sri Rahayu, and Trinil Susilawati
Veterinary World, 16(5): 1075-1083

Dian Ratnawati: Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency of The Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Cibinong Sciences Center, Bogor, Indonesia; Department of Animal Reproduction and Breeding, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia.
Kuswati Kuswati: Department of Livestock Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti: Department of Animal Reproduction and Breeding, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia.
Gatot Ciptadi: Department of Animal Reproduction and Breeding, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia.
Sri Rahayu: Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Trinil Susilawati: Department of Animal Reproduction and Breeding, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia.

doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1075-1083

Article history: Received: 04-01-2023, Accepted: 17-04-2023, Published online: 17-05-2023

Corresponding authors: Dian Ratnawati and Trinil Susilawati

E-mail: dian.sapo.2019@gmail.com and tsusilawati@ub.ac.id

Citation: Ratnawati D, Kuswati K, Yekti APA, Ciptadi G, Rahayu S, and Susilawati T (2023) Effect of modified CEP-3 diluents with aqueous soybean extract on liquid semen quality in Ongole crossbred bull, Veterinary World, 16(5): 1075-1083.
Abstract

Background and Aim: Egg yolk (EY) is commonly used as an extracellular cryoprotectant in semen diluents but has some negative effects. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the potential of lecithin derived from plants, such as soybeans, as an alternative extracellular cryoprotectant and to characterize liquid semen quality of Ongole crossbred bulls using a modified caudal epididymis plasma-3 [CEP-3 (m)] as a base diluent and aqueous soybean extract (ASE).

Materials and Methods: A bull with progressive motility (PM) of fresh semen >70% was used. Two soybean extracts were also used, namely, ASE 1 and ASE 2, obtained by extraction procedures 1 and 2, respectively. The study was conducted using an experimental design with 11 treatments and ten replications, with diluents comprising different levels of ASE 1 and ASE 2, as well as a positive control with 10% EY. The parameters measured were motility (M) and its kinetic parameters, including PM, M, velocity curve linear, velocity straight linear, velocity average pathway, linearity, straightness, wobble, amplitude lateral head beat cross frequency, and hyperactivity using computer-assisted sperm analysis, viability, and spermatozoa abnormalities.

Results: The CEP-3(m) diluent formula and ASE 1 at a 30% level maintained the PM of spermatozoa up to day 5 (40.7% ± 16.1%) of cold storage. Meanwhile, the CEP-3(m) diluent formula and ASE 2 could only maintain PM >40% until day 3 (42.1% ± 13.5%) of cold storage at a 30% level. The CEP-3(m) diluent and ASE 1 at a level of 25%–30% supported spermatozoa life (viability) up to day 5 with a value >80% (81.8 ± 3.5; 86.4 ± 2.6). The abnormality value of spermatozoa in various diluents during cold storage on days 0–5 was below 20%.

Conclusion: Soybean extracts 1 and 2 can substitute EYs as extracellular cryoprotectants in modified CEP-3 basic diluents. Soybean extract 1 can support the life of spermatozoa up to day 5 but may cause the viscosity and movement of spermatozoa to be hyperactive. Soybean extract 2 can support the life of spermatozoa up to the 3rd day of cold storage and produces progressive (non-rotating) movement patterns. Further, research is recommended with higher levels of extract 2.

Keywords: aqueous soybean extract, liquid semen, Ongole crossbred cattle.