Phenotype and genotype of Boerka goats raised in Bali

Research (Published online: 07-05-2023)

3. Phenotype and genotype of Boerka goats raised in Bali

I Nyoman Suyasa, I Wayan Suardana, I Gusti Agung Arta Putra, and Ni Nyoman Suryani

Veterinary World, 16(5): 912-917

I Nyoman Suyasa: Department of National Research and Innovation Agency, Doctoral Student of The Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia.

I Wayan Suardana: Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia.

I Gusti Agung Arta Putra: Laboratory of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia.

Ni Nyoman Suryani: Laboratory of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia.

doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.912-917

Article history: Received: 10-01-2023, Accepted: 27-03-2023, Published online: 07-05-2023

Corresponding authors: I Wayan Suardana

E-mail: wayan_suardana@unud.ac.id

Citation: Suyasa IN, Suardana IW, Putra IGAA, and Suryani NN (2023) Phenotype and genotype of Boerka goats raised in Bali, Veterinary World, 16(5): 912-917.

Abstract

Background and Aim: Boerka goats are the new breed in Bali targeted at meeting the increasing demand for lamb. They are meat-type goats created by crossing male Boer and female Kacang breeds. This new breed is expected to have good adaptation in a poor environment, such as Kacang goats and produce good quality lamb as Boer goats. Therefore, this study aimed to examine phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Boerka goats raised in Bali.

Materials and Methods: A total of 16 female Boerka goats at 2 years old collected from a group of livestock farmers in Sanda Village were used as samples. This observational study began with observations of qualitative characteristics and morphometric measurements of goats, followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the growth hormone (GH) gene using GH5F and GH5R primers. Polymerase chain reaction products were then sequenced and analyzed with the MEGA 11 program.

Results: The results showed that all Boerka goats had stuck-down ears, the heads were predominantly brown in color (62.5%), the body color pattern tends to be white (87.50%), and the tail color pattern was also dominated by white (62.5%). In morphometric terms, the samples were close to Kacang goats based on the body weight, head length, head width, chest width, depth, and circumference, left front leg circumference, ear length, ear width, tail length, tail width, and flank height except for head height, body length, horn length, and shoulder height. Analysis of the GH gene showed that Boerka goats had a nucleotide composition dominated by the purine base guanine (26.5%) and pyrimidine cytosine (31.8%). Furthermore, they formed a separate cluster with a genetic distance of 14.1% to the Anhui White breed from China, the Tibetan breed, and the Swiss Saanen breed.

Conclusion: Boerka goats raised in Bali have phenotypes, including qualitative characteristics and morphometric measurements close to Kacang goats. As meat-type goats, they also form a separate cluster distinct from similar types worldwide.

Keywords: Boerka goats, genotype, phenotype, raised in Bali.