Vet World   Vol.16   November-2023  Article-7

Tetracycline residues in fresh dairy milk from three districts in Indonesia: Occurrence and dietary exposure assessment

Background and Aim: Milk can introduce antibiotics into the human diet which poses a public health risk. Therefore, a study to determine the tetracycline residue in dairy milk and its health risk assessment is needed. A cross-sectional study was performed to detect tetracycline residues in fresh dairy milk samples collected from the districts of Malang, Boyolali, and Padang Panjang, Indonesia, and to evaluate dietary exposure to tetracycline residues through milk consumption in 10-12-year-old children and adults.

Materials and Methods: A total of 203 fresh dairy milk samples were collected from local and smallholder dairy cows in Malang, Boyolali, and Padang Panjang in April and August 2018. High-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode array at 355 and 368 nm was used to detect tetracycline residues. Data were evaluated for dietary exposure assessment.

Results: The results showed that the most common residue found was chlortetracycline (8.37%), followed by tetracycline (7.88%) and oxytetracycline (5.91%) in the concentration range of 14.8-498.4, 11.7-49.4, and 11.6-85.6 ng/g, respectively. Seven (3.45%) samples exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL) for chlortetracycline. However, neither oxytetracycline nor tetracycline residues exceeded the MRL. The mean concentration of the tetracycline residues was 21.76-137.05 ng/g, resulting in an estimated daily intake of 16.46-172.83 ng/kg body weight/day.

Conclusion: Tetracycline residues were found in almost all milk sampling locations. The highest prevalence and residue concentration were obtained from chlortetracycline. Estimated daily intake of tetracycline through milk by 10–12-year-old children and adult consumers was low and the risk to consumers was negligible. Keywords: dietary exposure assessment, fresh dairy milk, high-performance liquid chromatography, residues, tetracycline.

Keywords: dietary exposure assessment, fresh dairy milk, high-performance liquid chromatography, residues, tetracycline.

How to cite this article: Widiastuti R, Martindah E, and Anastasia Y (2023) Tetracycline residues in fresh dairy milk from three districts in Indonesia: Occurrence and dietary exposure assessment, Veterinary World, 16(11): 2230-2235.

Received: 24-05-2023  Accepted: 05-10-2023     Published online: 02-11-2023

Corresponding author: Raphaella Widiastuti   E-mail: widiastuti.raphaella@gmail.com

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.2230-2235

Copyright: Widiastuti, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.