Vet World   Vol.16   September-2023  Article-18

Research Article

Veterinary World, 16(9): 1917-1925

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2023.1917-1925

Detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli genes isolated from cat rectal swabs at Surabaya Veterinary Hospital, Indonesia

M. Thoriq Ihza Farizqi1, Mustofa Helmi Effendi2, R. Tatang Santanu Adikara3, Ira Sari Yudaniayanti4, Giovanni Dwi Syahni Putra1, Aswin Rafif Khairullah5, Shendy Canadya Kurniawan6, Otto Sahat Martua Silaen7, Safira Ramadhani1, Saumi Kirey Millannia1, Sergius Erikson Kaben1, and Yusac Kristanto Khoda Waruwu1
1. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115, East Java, Indonesia.
2. Division of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115, East Java, Indonesia.
3. Division of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115, East Java, Indonesia.
4. Division of Veterinary Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabay, 60115, East Java, Indonesia.
5. Division of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115, East Java, Indonesia.
6. Department of Animal Sciences, Specialisation in Molecule, Cell and Organ Functioning, Wageningen University and Research. Wageningen, 6708 PB, Netherlands.
7. Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6 Senen, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.

Background and Aim: Escherichia coli causes a bacterial illness that frequently affects cats. Diseases caused by E. coli are treated using antibiotics. Because of their proximity to humans, cats possess an extremely high risk of contracting antibiotic resistance genes when their owners touch cat feces containing E. coli that harbor resistance genes. This study was conducted to identify multidrug-resistant E. coli and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing genes from cat rectal swabs collected at Surabaya City Veterinary Hospital to determine antibiotic sensitivity.

Materials and Methods: Samples of cat rectal swabs were cultured in Brilliant Green Bile Lactose Broth medium and then streaked on eosin methylene blue agar medium for bacterial isolation, whereas Gram-staining and IMViC tests were conducted to confirm the identification results. The Kirby–Bauer diffusion test was used to determine antibiotic sensitivity, and the double-disk synergy test was used to determine ESBL-producing bacteria. Molecular detection of the genes TEM and CTX-M was performed using a polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Based on morphological culture, Gram-staining, and biochemical testing, the results of sample inspection showed that of the 100 cat rectal swab samples isolated, 71 (71%) were positive for E. coli. Furthermore, 23 E. coli isolates (32.39%) demonstrated the highest resistance to ampicillin. Four isolates were confirmed to be multidurg-resistant and ESBL-producing strains. Molecular examination revealed that three E. coli isolates harbored TEM and CTX-M.

Conclusion: In conclusion, pet owners must be educated on the use of antibiotics to improve their knowledge about the risks of antibiotic resistance. Keywords: cat, Escherichia coli, extended-spectrum β-lactamase, multidrug resistance, public health.

Keywords: cat, Escherichia coli, extended-spectrum β-lactamase, multidrug resistance, public health.

How to cite this article: Farizqi MTI, Effendi MH, Adikara RTS, Yudaniayanti IS, Putra GDS, Khairullah AR, Kurniawan SC, Silaen OSM, Ramadhani S, Millannia SK, Kaben SE, and Waruwu YKK (2023) Detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli genes isolated from cat rectal swabs at Surabaya Veterinary Hospital, Indonesia, Veterinary World, 16(9): 1917-1925.

Received: 22-06-2023  Accepted: 29-08-2023     Published online: 21-09-2023

Corresponding author: Mustofa Helmi Effendi   E-mail: mhelmieffendi@gmail.com

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1917-1925

Copyright: Farizqi MTI, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.