Association of heat-shock protein 70.1 gene with physiological and physical performance of Bali cattle

Research (Published online: 04-01-2024)

3. Association of heat-shock protein 70.1 gene with physiological and physical performance of Bali cattle

Ikhsan Suhendro, Ronny Rachman Noor, Jakaria Jakaria, Rudy Priyanto, Wasmen Manalu, and Göran Andersson

Veterinary World, 17(1): 17-25

Ikhsan Suhendro: Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; Department of Animal Science, Tulang Bawang University, Bandar Lampung 35121, Indonesia.

Ronny Rachman Noor: Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.

Jakaria Jakaria: Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.

Rudy Priyanto: Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.

Wasmen Manalu: Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.

Göran Andersson: Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala 75007, Sweden.

Background and Aim: Global warming challenges cattle productivity and welfare since it affects heat stress and scarce feed. The heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene is essential in cytoprotection against stressors, protecting cells from dysregulated gene expression and apoptosis. This study aimed to identify significant genetic markers of the HSP70.1 gene that can be leveraged genetically to enhance thermotolerance and production in Bali cattle further.

Materials and Methods: Animals were sampled from three different rearing systems. In this study, 83 healthy adult male Bali cattle without abnormalities were utilized. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) diversity associated with the physiological and physical traits of Bali cattle was assessed using SNPStat online software. Gene expression for putative SNPs and their genotypic groups was further evaluated.

Results: There were 15 polymorphic SNPs (c.-185G>A, c.-69T>G, c.10G>C, c.19A>G, c.45C>T, c.101INS, c.115T>C, c.130T>C, c.136G>T, c.159G>C, c.164G>T, c.234G>A, c.303G>A, c.333C>A, and c.456C>T) identified, of which 12 were associated with the assessed trait. Nine SNPs were associated with physiological traits, while eight were with physical traits. The c.136G>T as a novel, high minor allele frequency, and associative SNP was selected for HSP70 gene expression. Individuals with the TT genotype have a trim physique, susceptible physiology, and high HSP70 mRNA expression. On the other hand, the GG genotype was significantly associated with larger physique, lower physiology, and low HSP70 mRNA expression. The higher expression may indicate that HSP70.1 is involved in mitigating the deleterious effects of stress. As a result, the animal experienced negative energy balance, decreasing body size.

Conclusion: Single-nucleotide polymorphism c.136G>T is a candidate biomarker for heat resistance traits in Bali cattle.

Keywords: Bali cattle, gene expression, heat stress, HSP70, polymorphism, single-nucleotide polymorphism.