Research Article | 26 Jul 2024

Rapid antigen detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 in stray cats: A cross-sectional study

Ronaldy Santana Santos1, Daniel Antônio Braga Lee2, Marina dos Santos Barreto1, Eloia Emanuelly Dias Silva1, Pamela Chaves de Jesus1, Pedro Henrique Macedo Moura1, Deise Maria Rego Rodrigues Silva1, Jessiane Bispo de Souza1, Taynar Lima Bezerra2, Patricia Oliveira Meira Santos2, Adriana Gibara Guimarães1, Lucas Alves da Mota Santana3, Carlos Roberto Prudencio4,5, and Lysandro Pinto Borges1,6Show more
VETERINARY WORLD | pg no. 1611-1618 | Vol. 17, Issue 7 | DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.1611-1618
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Abstract

          
Background and Aim: Although reverse zoonotic transmission events from humans to domestic cats have been described, there is currently little evidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) circulation in stray cats. Due to the evidence of natural and experimental infections in cats and the capacity to disseminate the virus among them, this study aimed to identify the SARS-CoV-2 antigen in stray cats from the Federal University of Sergipe in Brazil. 
Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty six stray cats from the university were screened for SARS-CoV-2 antigens by random sampling. Throat swab samples were tested for the virus using rapid antigen detection tests. 
Results: Of the 126 animals tested, 30 (23.60%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 antigens. To our knowledge, for the first time, this study detected the SARS-CoV-2 antigen in stray cats and confirmed the presence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Brazil’s stray cat population. 
Conclusion: The detection of SARS-CoV-2 in stray cats poses a risk for infected and healthy animals and possibly for humans who attend the university daily. As a limitation of the study, the small sample size necessitates caution when interpreting the results. This underscores the need for further research in this area to help control diseases in stray animals during potential pandemics. This highlights the need for monitoring and controlling the spread of the virus in stray animal populations. 
          
Keywords: animals, antigen, cats, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2.