Vet World Vol.17 July-2024 Article - 28
Research Article
Veterinary World, 17(7): 1655-1660
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.1655-1660
Hexane extract from black soldier fly prepupae: A novel immunomodulatory strategy against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in zebrafish
2. Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java 65151, Indonesia.
3. Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia.
4. Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia.
5. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Dr. Saiful Anwar Regional Hospital, Jl. Jaksa Agung Suprapto 2, Malang, East Java 65111, Indonesia.
6. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java 65151, Indonesia.
Background and Aim: Aeromonas hydrophila infections in fish result in significant financial losses within aquaculture. Previous research indicates black soldier fly (BSF) prepupae provide immunomodulatory benefits through their fatty acids, chitin, and proteins. The study evaluated the impact of hexane extract from black soldier fly prepupae (HEBP) on interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 cytokine expression in zebrafish, both infected and uninfected with A. hydrophila.
Materials and Methods: Adult zebrafish (aged 4–5 months) was assigned to a negative control group (fed commercial feed), a positive control group (commercial feed + A. hydrophila infection at 107 colony-forming unit/mL), and three treatment groups (T1, T2, T3) that received HEBP at doses of 1000; 2000 and 4000 mg/kg feed for 30 days, respectively. A. hydrophila infection was introduced on day 31 through immersion. Analysis of IL-4 and IL-10 expression in the head kidney trunk region (body without head and tail) through quantitative polymerase chain reaction was conducted on day 33.
Results: The HEBP modulated the immune response to A. hydrophila infection at a concentration of 1000 mg/kg feed, as evidenced by an increase in IL-4 and IL-10 expression in the groups not infected with the bacteria. However, these cytokines were decreased in the infected groups.
Conclusion: A feed concentration of 1000 mg/kg HEBP was identified as optimal for cytokine modulation. This discovery marks a significant advancement in the development and benefit of a natural extract-based immunomodulator in a zebrafish model, which is potentially immunotherapeutic against bacterial infections in fish for the aquaculture industry.
Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophilia, black soldier fly larvae, hexane extract, immune modulation, zebrafish.
How to cite this article: Qosimah D, Amri IA, Pratama DAOA, Permata FS, Noorhamdani N, Widasmara D, and Sabri J (2024) Hexane extract from black soldier fly prepupae: A novel immunomodulatory strategy against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in zebrafish, Veterinary World, 17(7): 1655-1660.
Received: 2024-04-29 Accepted: 2024-07-09 Published online: 2024-07-30
Corresponding author: E-mail:
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.1655-1660
Copyright: Qosimah, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
