Vet World Vol.17 March Article - 19
Research Article
Veterinary World, 17(3): 672-681
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.672-681
Nutrient digestibility, characteristics of rumen fermentation, and microbial protein synthesis from Pesisir cattle diet containing non-fiber carbohydrate to rumen degradable protein ratio and sulfur supplement
1 Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science Andalas University, Kampus Limau Manis, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia.
2 Ruminant and Feed Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran. Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia.
3 Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Universitas Hasanuddin, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10 Kampus UNHAS Tamalanrea, Makassar.
4 Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan.
5 Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor 11, Cibinong 16915, Indonesia.
Background and Aim: To achieve optimal feed efficiency in ruminants, especially Pesisir cattle, it is necessary to maintain a harmonious equilibrium between energy and protein levels within the rumen. Sulfur supplementation can potentially escalate the energy–protein balance in the rumen. The aim of this study was to explore the formulation of ruminant diets by synchronizing rumen degradable protein (RDP) and non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) while adding sulfur minerals at different levels. Nutrient digestibility, NH3 concentration, volatile fatty acids (VFA) production, microbial protein synthesis (MPS), and methane gas production were assessed.
Materials and Methods: We employed a randomized block design with a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial arrangement and examined diverse incubation periods of 6, 24, and 48 h. Treatment consisted of RDP (60% and 65%), NFC (35% and 40%), and sulfur (0%, 0.15%, and 0.3%) levels. In this study, the Tilley and Terry in vitro technique, which used Pesisir cattle’s rumen fluid, was employed to assess the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and RDP-Rumen undegradable protein. In addition, it measures various rumen fluid attributes, including pH, NH3, VFA, MPS, and methane gas production.
Results: Treatment with a coordinated combination of 65% RDP and 40% NFC combined with 0.15% sulfur supplement yielded significantly improved digestibility and notably reduced methane gas production (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The enhancement in digestibility and reduction in methane gas emissions can be attributed to the interaction of RDP, NFC, and sulfur. Feed digestibility was increased in the 65% RDP treatment with 40% NFC and 0.15% sulfur, along with a decrease in methane gas production.
Keywords: degradable and undegradable protein, digestibility, non-fiber carbohydrate, rumen fermentation, sulfur.
How to cite this article: Zain M, Tanuwiria UH, Syamsu JA, Yunilas Y, Pazla R, Putri EM, Makmur M, Amanah U, Shafura PO, and Bagaskara B (2024) Nutrient digestibility, characteristics of rumen fermentation, and microbial protein synthesis from Pesisir cattle diet containing non-fiber carbohydrate to rumen degradable protein ratio and sulfur supplement, Veterinary World, 17(3): 672-681.
Received: 24-11-2023 Accepted: 26-02-2024 Published online: 22-03-2024
Corresponding author: E-mail:
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.672-681
Copyright: Zain, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
