Monitoring of serum and urinary biomarkers during treatment of canine visceral leishmaniasis

Vet World Vol.13 August-2020 Article-19

Research Article

Veterinary World, 13(8): 1620-1626

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.1620-1626

Alvaro Felipe de Lima Ruy Dias¹, Eveline da Cruz Boa Sorte Ayres¹, Fernanda Harumi Maruyama¹, Bruna Ribeiro Gomes Monteiro¹, Maria Sabrina de Freitas¹, Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida¹, Adriane Jorge Mendonça², and Valéria Régia Franco Sousa¹

1. Program of Postgraduate in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá - MT, Brazil.
2. Veterinary Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá - MT, Brazil.

Background and Aim: Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CanL) has a broad spectrum of changes, with kidney disease being considered the main cause of mortality. Thus, this study aimed to monitor serum and urinary biomarkers in response to two short-term treatments for CanL.

Materials and Methods: Thirty dogs with CanL were equally divided into two treatment groups and treated with either miltefosine (Group M) or miltefosine plus allopurinol (Group MA); the groups were evaluated before treatment and after 28 days of treatment. Physical exams were performed and hematimetric, biochemical, and urinary parameters, including urinary biomarkers cystatin C (CisC), lipocalin-2 (NGAL), and microalbuminuria, were measured.

Results: Both treatments significantly reduced clinical scores (p<0.05), but only the MA group saw a reduction in the clinical-pathological score. The serum albumin and calcium levels increased significantly in the MA and M groups (p<0.05). Proteinuria and urinary density did not decrease significantly after the treatments. With regard to the biomarkers, CisC and microalbuminuria did not have any significant changes; however, NGAL was significantly reduced in the MA group (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Both pharmacotherapeutic protocols promoted clinical and clinical-pathological improvements. In addition, miltefosine plus allopurinol proved to be a safe treatment due to the lack of changes detected in the monitored renal biomarkers. The treatment with miltefosine plus allopurinol proved to be the most effective, with more pronounced beneficial effects for canines with visceral leishmaniasis. Keywords: clinical score, cystatin C, Leishmania infantum, miltefosine, NGAL.

Keywords: clinical score, cystatin C, Leishmania infantum, miltefosine, NGAL.

How to cite this article: Dias AFLR, Ayres ECBS, Maruyama FH, Monteiro BRG, de Freitas MS, de Almeida ABPF, Mendonça AJ, Sousa VRF (2020) Monitoring of serum and urinary biomarkers during treatment of canine visceral leishmaniasis, Veterinary World, 13(8): 1620-1626.

Received: 13-05-2020 Accepted: 25-06-2020 Published online: 18-08-2020

Corresponding author: Alvaro Felipe de Lima Ruy Dias E-mail: alvaro.felipe.ufmt@gmail.com

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1620-1626

Copyright: Dias AFLR, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.