Vet World Vol.13 July-2020 Article-25
Research Article
Veterinary World, 13(7): 1430-1438
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.1430-1438
Prevalence, molecular detection, and virulence gene profiles of Campylobacter species in humans and foods of animal origin
2. Department of Animal Reproduction, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
3. Department of Poultry Diseases, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
4. Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
Background and Aim: Campylobacteriosis is one of the most well-characterized bacterial foodborne infections worldwide that arise chiefly due to the consumption of foods of animal origin such as poultry, milk, and their products. The disease is caused by numerous species within the genus Campylobacter, but Campylobacter jejuni is the most commonly isolated species from established cases of human campylobacteriosis. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and virulence of Campylobacter isolates from human, chicken, and milk and milk products in Egypt.
Materials and Methods: A total of 1299 samples (547 chicken intestine and liver, 647 milk and milk products, and 105 human stool) were collected and microbiologically investigated, confirmed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the 23S rRNA, hipO, and glyA genes specific for Campylobacter spp., C. jejuni, and Campylobacter Coli, respectively, followed by virulence genes (Campylobacter adhesion to fibronectin F [cadF] and cdtB) detection using PCR.
Results: About 38.09%, 37.84%, and 8.5% of human stool, chicken, and milk and milk product samples, respectively, were bacteriologically positive, with a total of 302 Campylobacter isolates. All isolates were molecularly confirmed as Campylobacter spp. (100%) where 285 isolates (94.37%) were identified as C. jejuni and 17 isolates (5.62%) as C. coli. Regarding the virulence pattern, all isolates (100%) carried cadF gene while cytolethal distending toxin B gene was definite in 284/302 isolates (94%), concisely, 282/285 (98.94%) C. jejuni isolates, and in 2/17 (11.76%) C. coli isolates.
Conclusion: The widespread presence of these highly virulent Campylobacter, especially C. jejuni, proofs the urgent need for the implementation of stringent control, public health, and food protection strategies to protect consumers from this zoonotic pathogen. The availability of information about pathogen virulence will enable enhanced local policy drafting by food safety and public health officials. Keywords: Campylobacter, Egypt, food, human stool, multiplex polymerase chain reaction, virulence genes.
Keywords: Campylobacter, Egypt, food, human stool, multiplex polymerase chain reaction, virulence genes.
How to cite this article: Barakat AMA, Abd El-Razik KA, Elfadaly HA, Rabie NS, Sadek SAS, Almuzaini AM (2020) Prevalence, molecular detection, and virulence gene profiles of Campylobacter species in humans and foods of animal origin, Veterinary World, 13(7): 1430-1438.
Received: 16-03-2020 Accepted: 29-05-2020 Published online: 24-07-2020
Corresponding author: Khaled A. Abd El-Razik E-mail: khaled707@hotmail.com
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1430-1438
Copyright: Barakat AMA, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.