Vet World Vol.17 July-2024 Article - 13
Research Article
Veterinary World, 17(7): 1530-1537
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.1530-1537
Isolation and characterization of porcine parvovirus in Vietnam
2. Department of Virology, Institute of Veterinary Research and Development of Central Vietnam, Nha Trang City, Vietnam.
Background and Aim: No study has successfully isolated parvovirus in Vietnam. This study aimed to isolate and characterize parvovirus strains indigenous in Vietnam for vaccine development against porcine parvovirus (PPV).
Materials and Methods: We collected serum and stillbirth samples from six provinces in Vietnam, and PPV-positive samples were identified using a polymerase chain reaction. Parvovirus isolation was attempted using the PK-15 cells maintained in a minimum essential medium supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum and 1% antibiotics (Penicillin-streptomycin). The cells were incubated at 37°C with 5% CO2. Virulence experiments were conducted on white primiparous sows to evaluate the virulence of the PPV strain through hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers and fetus lesions.
Results: We analyzed 360 serum and 32 stillbirth (liver and lungs) samples, revealing that 32/392 (8.2% ) of them were PPV-positive, all belonging to PPV1. Thirty-two PPV-positive samples were successfully isolated, with 100% identity as VP2 sequences. The phylogenetic tree revealed a close relationship with the Kresse strain (isolated from Canada in 1996) and the PPV1-0225-L-SD strain (isolated from China in 2022). Two PPV isolates (VC5 from Dongnai and TX7 from Thanhhoa) that exhibited high 50% tissue culture infectious dose titers were selected for the virulence experiment. On day 21, after injection, the HI antibody titers ranged from 10log2 to 12log2. On day 90, 71%–80% of fetuses were mummified.
Conclusion: This study showed that the PPV infection rate in Vietnam was 8.2%. Thirty-two isolates belonged to PPV1. Two PPV strains, VC5 and TX7, were determined to be highly virulent by the results of HI titers after injection into gilts. VC5 and TX7 were determined to be good candidates for further research on PPV vaccines.
Keywords: isolation, phylogenetic tree, porcine parvovirus, sow, virulence.
How to cite this article: Trinh TTH, Do VT, Do VK, and Vu-Khac H (2024) Isolation and characterization of porcine parvovirus in Vietnam, Veterinary World, 17(7): 1530–1537.
Received: 2024-02-22 Accepted: 2024-06-20 Published online: 2024-07-13
Corresponding author: E-mail:
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.1530-1537
Copyright: Trinh, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
