Vet World Vol.17 November-2024 Article - 28
Research Article
Veterinary World, 17(11): 2688-2693
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.2688-2693
The oncolytic effect of Newcastle disease virus attenuated AMHA1 strain against digestive system tumors
2. Department of Experimental Therapy, Iraqi Center for Cancer and Medical Genetics Research, Mustansiriyah University, Al-Qadisiyah, Baghdad 1001, Iraq.
Background and Aim: Malignant diseases are among the most common and deadly illnesses that are often spread due to lifestyle choices. These diseases are caused by unchecked cell growth, which can be curable if detected early. Cancer treatment is dependent on various internal and external factors. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has emerged as a promising virotherapeutic agent due to its oncolytic activity and safety profile. This study investigated the ability of virulent NDV to infect, replicate, and kill digestive tumor cells in esophageal and colorectal cancers.
Materials and Methods: NDV was used at several concentrations (multiplicities of infection [MOI]: 1, 3, 5, 10, and 20) on two models of tumor cells: colorectal carcinoma (HRT) and esophageal carcinoma (SK-GT). The investigation focused on the cytotoxic effects of NDV in these cell lines.
Results: The results indicated that SK-GT carcinoma cells (esophageal and colorectal carcinoma) exhibited a high cytotoxic response to NDV, which was directly proportional to the MOI concentration. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration of NDV was 5.736 for the SK-GT cell line and 9.878 for the HRT cell line.
Conclusion: NDV can replicate and kill cancer cells in esophageal and colorectal cancers. We recommend conducting in vivo studies on transplanted digestive system tumors in mouse models to evaluate their anti-tumor activity in vivo, as the present study was limited to in vitro models.
Keywords: cancer cell line, colorectal carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, Newcastle disease virus, virotherapy.
How to cite this article: Hamad MA, Almzaien AK, Jameel FR, Mohammad MH, and Al-Shammari AM (2024) The oncolytic effect of Newcastle disease virus attenuated AMHA1 strain against digestive system tumors, Veterinary World, 17(11): 2688-2693.
Received: 2024-06-22 Accepted: 2024-10-25 Published online: 2024-11-30
Corresponding author: E-mail:
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.2688-2693
Copyright: Hamad, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
