Vet World Vol.18 January-2025 Article - 25
Research Article
Veterinary World, 18(1): 228-237
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2025.228-237
Effects of honey saccharide supplementation on growth performance, amylase enzyme activity, gut microvilli, and microbiome in Cyprinus carpio
2. Faculty of Agriculture, Djuanda University, Jagorawi Toll Rd No.1, Ciawi, Bogor Regency, West Java 16720, Indonesia.
3. Research Center for Fisheries, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Selatan, 15418, Indonesia.
4. Research Center for Veteriner, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia.
5. Research Center for Conservation of Marine and Inland Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia.
6. Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Selatan, 15418, Indonesia.
Background and Aim: Prebiotics, such as saccharides in honey, play a crucial role in improving gut microbiota, digestion, and immune function. This study evaluates the effects of Kapok flower honey saccharides on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, intestinal morphology, and gut microbiota in common carp (Cyprinus carpio).
Materials and Methods: A completely randomized design was implemented with four honey supplementation levels (0% control, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%) applied to juvenile C. carpio diets over 30 days. Growth performance, feed utilization, intestinal microvilli structure, gut microbiota, and amylase activity were analyzed using advanced techniques, including high performance liquid chromatography, scanning electron microscopy, and biochemical assays.
Results: Kapok flower honey contains fructooligosaccharides (FOS, 14.76%) and inulin (6.6%). Supplementation at 1% significantly improved weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and specific growth rate. Amylase activity increased with honey supplementation, peaking at 24.13 ± 3.11 U g⁻¹ protein for the 1% group. Gut morphology analysis revealed longer, denser intestinal microvilli and higher perimeter ratios in honey-treated groups than controls. Microbiota analysis showed increased beneficial Bacillus spp. exclusively in the honey-supplemented groups.
Conclusion: Honey saccharides, particularly FOS and inulin, significantly enhance the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, and gut health of common carp. Supplementation with 1% honey is optimal, improving feed efficiency and fostering beneficial gut microbiota. These findings highlight honey as a cost-effective, natural prebiotic for aquaculture.
Keywords: amylase, gut microbiome, honey saccharides, microvilli, prebiotics.
How to cite this article: Aryati Y, Farastuti E, Sholichah L, Koesharyani I, Gardenia L, Septiningsih E, Yamin M, Oryzanti P, Puspaningsih D, and Sugiani D (2025) Effects of honey saccharide supplementation on growth performance, amylase enzyme activity, gut microvilli, and microbiome in Cyprinus carpio, Veterinary World, 18(1): 228–237.
Received: 2024-09-25 Accepted: 2024-12-20 Published online: 2025-01-30
Corresponding author: E-mail:
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2025.228-237
Copyright: Aryati, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
