Vet World Vol.18 February-2025 Article - 7
Review Article
Veterinary World, 18(2): 311-328
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2025.311-328
Strategic approaches to improve equine breeding and stud farm outcomes
2. Research Center for Veterinary Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46 Cibinong, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia.
3. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, DI Khan, KPK, Pakistan.
4. Division of Veterinary Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia.
This review explores advanced strategies for enhancing fertility and optimizing reproductive outcomes in equine breeding programs. Horses, being seasonal breeders, present unique reproductive challenges influenced by environmental and physiological factors such as photoperiods, hormone cycles, and aging. Key approaches discussed include hormonal therapies, artificial light manipulation, and nutritional supplementation to improve ovulation and conception rates during the breeding season. Specific hormones such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs, equine follicle-stimulating hormone, and progesterone are analyzed for their roles in synchronizing estrus and increasing ovarian activity. The document also emphasizes the significance of dietary strategies, particularly the inclusion of omega-3 fatty acids, L-arginine, and essential vitamins, in improving reproductive health. In addition, the review underscores the importance of stallion management, addressing factors such as testicular health, age, and environmental stress. Practical methods to mitigate seasonal infertility and improve foaling rates through better reproductive management of mares and stallions are detailed. These insights aim to assist stud farm owners in maximizing breeding efficiency and achieving higher economic returns. The primary goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive guide to practical interventions that increase the productivity and sustainability of equine breeding operations.
Keywords: economic empowerment, equine breeding management, fertility enhancement, hormonal therapy, reproductive efficiency, seasonal breeding.
How to cite this article: Khan IU, Khairullah AR, Khan AY, Rehman AU, and Mustofa I (2025) Strategic approaches to improve equine breeding and stud farm outcomes, Veterinary World, 18(2): 311–328.
Received: 2024-08-16 Accepted: 2025-01-03 Published online: 2025-02-13
Corresponding author: E-mail:
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2025.311-328
Copyright: Khan, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
