Explore published research

Abstract / descriptionThe review highlights important factors, including particle size, stability, and surfactant composition, that affect the vaccine’s effectiveness. In practical terms, nanoemulsions are more suitable for use in Indonesia’s tropical aquaculture settings because they are easier to apply, more stable, and more effective in their current formulations.

Abstract / descriptionThis review summarizes the literature on ornamental fish industries and aquaculture production in relation to A. hydrophila-associated diseases and ornamental fish health management in Malaysia